夏天最易中招 腸胃炎可分為幾種：第一類是急性腸胃炎，即所謂食物中毒，主要是吃了受細菌毒素污染的食物所致；第二類是病毒性腸胃炎，即因病毒所致，較常見於天氣較涼的季節，最常見的病毒包括諾如病毒和輪狀病毒；第三類是敏感性腸胃炎，患者因對部分食物產生過敏反應而致病。病徵方面，除了嘔吐或腹瀉，還包括食欲減退、惡心、腹痛、發燒等，病徵可持續數天。若病情持續惡化，如腹瀉次數頻密或加劇，患者有機會出現脫水迹象，應盡快求診。 天一醫務所醫務總監鄒重璂醫生指出，全年都有腸胃炎的病例出現，但夏天的濕熱氣候有利細菌與病毒繁殖，加上不少人愛以冰品及凍飲消暑，而室溫易令這類食物受污染，尤其是奶類製品，所以較易中招。以家庭裝雪糕為例，通常不會一次過吃完整盒，若不立即放回雪櫃冷藏，雪糕很快溶掉，室溫令細菌有機可乘，就算之後再放回雪櫃，亦無補於事，因整盒雪糕已受細菌污染，雪櫃的低溫只暫停其生長，進食後，同樣會令肚子遭殃。 小心處理食物 換句話說，想減低患腸胃炎的風險，必須注意食物衞生。鄒醫生說：「以刺身為例，如果冷藏不周，細菌將以幾何級數大量孳生，最安全的吃法是即做即吃，師傅即席炮製刺身，上枱後立即吃掉。切忌叫滿全枱食物，慢慢逐一品嘗。自助餐供應的刺身、生蠔等，有機會因溫度和存放不當而出問題，少吃為妙。未經過巴士德消毒法處理的牛奶及奶類製品，如芝士、乳酪等，有機會被李斯特菌污染，它可於低溫環境下生存，並可在受污染的冷藏食物中繁殖，所以參觀農場時，不要享用即場鮮榨的牛奶或相關奶類製品，尤其是孕婦、初生嬰兒、長者、長期病患者或免疫力較弱的人士受感染的風險較高，可造成腸胃不適，亦易令孕婦流產。此外，進食水果前，要清洗
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